Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claudia Constantinescu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Author-Name: Raluca Cazacu Author-Workplace-Name: University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Title: ”Self-mutilation Before or During Incarceration? A Study Conducted on Inmates in Bucharest Rahova Penitentiary” Abstract: Self-injurious behavior prevails in teenagers, as they have deficiencies in abstract thinking, a cognitive immaturity. Adults resort to such practices to get rid of problematic situations, to draw attention to themselves, or when they are looking for help. The forms of manifestation include hair pulling, the production of excoriations on the skin, ingestion of toxic substances, objects, such as needles, razor blades, acute voluntary drug intoxication. If the practice of mutilation finds its essence, in traditions, customs or law, self-mutilation is a deliberate act, which depends on the will of each individual. Psychosocial, affective, and cognitive factors, the level of education and culture have greater or lesser weights in the subject's decision. The ambient environment and social context also play a role that can be decisive in self-aggressive behavior. Self-mutilation represents such behavior, which has been studied for years, without reaching definitive conclusions. This paper is looking at the causes and sources that push inmates to resort to self-harm and how to proceed in these cases, as well as the treatment and multidisciplinary assistance necessary to limit these deviant behaviors. The universe of the penitentiary offers an environment whose essential coordinates are due to failure, stress, despair, and of pathological origin. The peculiarities of this institution clearly leave their mark on authentic human experiences. What prompts the inmates to resort to such practices as self-agression? What is the symbolic language of self-harm? What are their intentions: to communicate something, to overcome a problem, to transfer emotional pain into a physical one, to show that they are different, to defend themselves, to punish themselves or others, to see blood, to check if they are alive? Does human aggression depend only on environment and education, or also on the hereditary factor? Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I14 Keywords: self-mutilation; inmates; behaviorism; self-aggression; therapeutic justices; imprisonment. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 6-19 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Self-mutilation-Before-or-During-Incarceration-A-Study-Conducted-on-Inmates-in-Bucharest-Rahova-Penitentiary-1-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:6-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniela Grignoli Author-Workplace-Name: University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy Author-Name: Davide Barba Author-Workplace-Name: University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy Author-Name: Mariangela D'Ambrosio Author-Workplace-Name: University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy Title: " Rethinking violence against women from real to online teen violence " Abstract: In our (iper)complex society, social relations have been transformed by the new technologies use. In fact, in the pandemic time caused by Covid-19 (especially in the severe moments), individuals had to interrupt their traditional live, included the social relations, and to carry online all the social interactions. The boundary between real and virtual has fallen. Consequently, it has now become a current habit to seek social relations in the virtual world. However, within this framework, these bonds have very often turned into experiences of general violence and especially violence against women. The aim of the article is to examine this social phenomenon in its multidimensionality, investigating it also through the ecosystem model, as well as reporting the most recent data in the international and national context, stressing the impact that social media, social networks and Internet communications have on violent and offensive behavior against women, especially younger women. Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I14 Keywords: violence, women, onlife social relations, social network, teenagers’. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 20-36 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Rethinking-violence-against-women-from-real-to-online-teen-violence.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:20-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giulia Mascagni Author-Workplace-Name: University of Siena, Siena, Italy Title: "DSocial services in Italy tested by the Pandemic: New challenges and scenarios" Abstract: In the 2-year period 2020–2021, the serious economic and social costs of the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated the already numerous structural issues of the national social system and raised new ones. In response to a significant increase in material needs but also a wide and diverse range of non-material needs (amplified by difficult situations such as a lack of self-sufficiency, loneliness, distance learning and problematic family settings), there is now an urgent need for innovation in social interventions by combining a bottom-up approach with direction from central authorities. This paper offers an interpretation of the pandemic’s impact on social services in Tuscany (Italy) by analysing the experiences of social workers and managers (22 in-depth interviews and two focus groups). The need created by the pandemic phase to reorganize the times and methods of social work has highlighted two distinct but closely interrelated perspectives: individually, the issue of redefining professional identities and self-representation; and collectively, the challenge of reorganizing social intervention with new methods and priorities, considering new healthcare measures for the containment of Covid-19. These two processes join the pre-existing ones of externalization and precarization. Against this backdrop, the essay examines two main research questions: first, how and in which ways communication time, relationship time and their ‘rhythms’ have changed during social intervention; and second, what impact containment measures and management of the epidemiological emergency had on professional practices. Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I18, I38 Keywords: social services; Italy; Tuscany; pandemic; social work; welfare; social intervention. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 37-50 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Social-services-in-Italy-tested-by-the-Pandemic-New-challenges-and-scenarios-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:37-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola Malizia Author-Workplace-Name: University of Enna "Kore", Enna, Italy Title: "Intra-family mafia pedagogy: the role of juvenile justice and social work in Italy" Abstract: The sociological and legal literature on the subject of mafia acculturation within the family has repeatedly urged the intervention of the institutions to operate both in the social field, through adequate support networks, and in the judicial field, through measures against the so-called ‘children of the mafia’ who, from an early age, become the recipients of a mafia pedagogy, aimed, over time, at preparing them for anti-legal and anti-social conducts and which denies them, in fact, the achievement of an existential and working autonomy with the aim of freeing them from the criminal culture. This study, therefore, after investigating the mechanisms of such acculturation, the deviant perspectives, the role of the Social Services, the quality of the disvalues imparted and oriented towards the demolition of the culture of democracy, the breaking of laws, and the failure to respect social values and norms, has also attempted to verify the possibility of constructing a truly effective legal, organizational and social model that would address – from a systematic perspective – the phenomenon of the involvement of minors in criminal associations and the suggestion exerted by certain imposed intra-family mafia cultural models, as well as the tools to protect the fundamental right of the minor to receive a responsible upbringing, consistent with constitutional values and civil coexistence, which can only be achieved through a process of harmonization of the civil law regulations governing parental responsibility and parental authority proceedings. Classification-JEL: I26, I38, K14, K40, K42 Keywords: Primary socialization; mafia; justice; minors; education; social service. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 51-64 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Intra-family-mafia-pedagogy-the-role-of-juvenile-justice-and-social-work-in-Italy.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:51-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eliseo Sciarretta Author-Workplace-Name: Link Campus University of Rome, Rome, Italy Author-Name: Ferdinando Romano Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Author-Name: Edoardo Trebbi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Author-Name: Emilio Greco Author-Workplace-Name: Link Campus University of Rome, Rome, Italy Title: "Artificial intelligence for health care: open ethical challenges" Abstract: Artificial intelligence applications are gaining traction in a variety of industries, with the promise of optimising resources and obtaining better outcomes through Big Data analysis. The potential of A.I. algorithms is generally recognised even in the healthcare field. However, healthcare, more than any other sector, must consider the ethical implications of employing these tools and what may happen if things do not go as planned. This essay addresses the key ethical dilemmas that are now open, establishing a classification based on functional elements and suggesting an order of significance to aid in their resolution. Classification-JEL: I11, I14, I15, I18 Keywords: artificial intelligence; health; ethics; acceptability; privacy; trust. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 65-74 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Artificial-intelligence-for-health-care-open-ethical-challenges-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:65-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Livia Dana Pogan Author-Workplace-Name: ”Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu, Romania Title: " Mitigating leadership and the new ways of working" Abstract: Work, one of the basic activities for every human being, and an area of major importance in any society, is also one of the domains mostly affected by transformations and implementation of new, smart technologies. On the other hand, leadership is challenged to mitigate human resources related issues and economic requests from an unstable environment, in an effective manner. Given this existing context, defined by rapid technological changes, that was speeded up by the Covid 19 pandemic, the present paper aims to review theoretical and empirical findings regarding the new ways of working (remote, from home, online) that emerged or were consolidated during and after this period, in relation with effective leadership. The article also focuses on the medium-term impact of these transformations. The unprecedented context represented by the Covid pandemic brought new challenges for organizations, employers and employees also, in a global economy that was already struggling with rapid transformations, inequalities, risks and sometimes unpredictable movements. This paper brings new valuable insights to this domain, for both academics and researchers, and a better understanding of such a complex phenomenon helps practitioners and stakeholders meet the demands that may arise. Classification-JEL: J0, J53, J54 Keywords: leadership; personal autonomy; self-leadership; remote work; work from home. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 75-82 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Mitigating-leadership-and-the-new-ways-of-working.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:75-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Bilotti Author-Workplace-Name: University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy Title: "Co-designing tools and support for quality of life of people with disabilities and their families in times of Covid-19. A viable space for the disability case manager (DCM)?" Abstract: The COVID-19 syndemic experience exacerbated the urgency of finding innovative solutions to support the autonomy, integration and care of people with disabilities in our country. Specifically, the fragility of the protection measures for the disabled and their families emerged forcefully, and they were all too often abandoned in residences -and in their own homes- as a result of dedicated service closures, leading to the loss of flexible or adequate alternatives and to an often unsustainable burden of care for families. The article first discusses the experimentation of introducing a disability case manager (DCM) in a local context, starting from an interesting drive for innovation exercised by a banking foundation that promoted a participatory process with public and private stakeholders. The second part explores the salient features of the DCM profile in relation to the needs that emerged from listening to local stakeholders, particularly care workers and disabled people and their families. In the last part, the experimentation is presented as a possible innovative path towards improving the quality of life and well-being of disabled people. Finally, several key recommendations are provided for urgent interventions to support disabled people and their families both during and after the syndemic crisis. Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I18, I30 Keywords: Disability; Social work; Syndemia COVID-19; Co-design; Disability case manage. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 83-92 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Co-designing-tools-and-support-for-quality-of-life-of-people-with-disabilities-and-their-families-in-times-of-Covid-19.-A-viable-space-for-the-disability-case-manager-DCM-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:83-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gianmarco Cifaldi Author-Workplace-Name: “G d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Title: " Government surveillance and facial recognition system in the context of modern technologies and security challenges" Abstract: The challenges to privacy resulting from the use of modern and constantly improving data processing technologies pose a significant threat not only at the personal level, but also at the national level. The proliferation of biometric systems, and specifically facial recognition technologies in our everyday lives, has prompted the need to foster a public discussion regarding the associated societal and ethical concerns. Modern information and communication technologies allow organizations to process data on an extremely large scale and at an increasing speed. This thesis is reaffirmed by the exceptional economic strength of companies that process and store personal data on a worldwide scale (Alphabet, also known as Google or Meta, the company that owns Facebook and Instagram), or by the recent acknowledgment of this issue by several countries and the European Union. This paper highlights the state-of-the-art in data processing technology and centers on the numerous difficulties in handling data. It focuses on ethical, technical and legal concerns regarding facial recognition systems and also emphasizes the technologies available and their capacity for handling the larger volume and variety of personal data processing and Big Data Analytics. Classification-JEL: I38, K40 Keywords: facial recognition; government surveillance; big data analytics; artificial intelligence; security challenges; machine learning. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 93-101 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Government-surveillance-and-facial-recognition-system-in-the-context-of-modern-technologies-and-security-challenges.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:93-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carmine Clemente Author-Workplace-Name: "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy Title: " COVID-19 and obesity. A SHARE analysis of educational and gender differences on diet and physical activity " Abstract: Scientific evidence shows that food-related excesses, which are linked to obesity and are spreading globally both among adults and the youth, are the cause of new and widespread diseases ranging from cardiovascular disturbances to diabetes. Indeed, the body mass index (BMI) is rising rapidly in all industrialized and many developing societies. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of obesity, and the disease also has particularly negative impacts on obese populations, namely a greater severity of the disease and higher mortality. Obese individuals have a greater probability of suffering from other diseases that are independent risk factors for severe COVID-19, including heart disease, lung disease, and diabetes. Indeed, lack of physical activity and an unhealthy diet with too much fat and sugar constitute major and increasingly important determinants of poor health and premature death across the world. Using SHARELIFE data, this research presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between lifestyle behaviors related to physical activity and diet, education, and health capital (physical health, mental health, self-sufficiency, and perceived health), also incorporating a gender perspective. More specifically, the aim was to illustrate whether and how the self-perceived health status of older adults (the group hit hardest by COVID-19) varies according to BMI and how it responds to changes in lifestyle behaviors, as well as whether and how these relationships are modified or altered by one’s level of education and gender. People with tertiary education report a better health status than people with primary education after improving their diet and physical activities, and this effect is greater for men. Classification-JEL: I10, I12, I15, I24 Keywords: COVID-19; obesity; risk factor; health promotion; lifestyle. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 102-120 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/COVID-19-and-obesity.-A-SHARE-analysis-of-educational-and-gender-differences-on-diet-and-physical-activity.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:102-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ionut Virgil Serban Author-Workplace-Name: University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Title: " Social reintegration of prison inmates. A comparative study between two prisons from Romania and Italy" Abstract: Lately the “prison system” has gotten a special attention for various reasons. First of all because of the crowding of the prisons and the inhumane conditions in witch inmates live. The goals imposed by the European Union haven’t been met almost by anybody with only a few exceptions. That’s why the latest focus is on the re-education of the inmates in order to socially reintegrate them as soon as possible and thus resolve the issue of the crowding. This research is an attempt to show how seriously this aspect is taken into consideration by two prison systems, one large, in Romania (Craiova) and a regular one in Italy (Chieti) by showing the statistics regarding the personnel, inmates, spaces and activities conducted towards social reintegration of incarcerated persons. Classification-JEL: I18, K42, I28 Keywords: Societal reintegration; inmates; Romania; Italy; prisons; education; society Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 121-127 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Social-reintegration-of-prison-inmates.-A-comparative-study-between-two-prisons-from-Romania-and-Italy-1-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:121-1127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Ingrassia Author-Workplace-Name: University "Kore" of Enna, Enna, Italy Title: " Participatory design games for citizenship education.A public space approach with children" Abstract: Citizenship education plays a key role in urban societies, as it supports the construction of inclusive, sustainable and healthy communities, promoting values of responsibility, activism, inclusivity, diversity, collaboration. Civic and Citizenship courses in schools’ curricula worldwide gives positive results, but critical barriers can be noted, including: the difficulty for children to understand complex theoretical and abstract notions. Some scholars suggest that education is more effective when democratic processes are experienced by children through decision-making, including through the use of games. Participatory design strategies for the public space, together with placemaking actions, have been promoted since the 1970s to engage adults in decision making processes, with the objective of collecting proposals on urban transformation, strengthening communities, educating to citizenship, with values of inclusivity, diversity, sustainability, activating the citizen agency by encouraging activism. Participatory design strategies can benefit from the use of gamification strategies and serious game approaches to achieve audience development, engagement and conflict resolution. This research appraises the possibility to use participatory design games, focused on the public space, as tools for citizenship education of children (aged 5-12). Three case studies developed in Spain and Italy are presented, based on the use of digital and analogue interfaces. Case studies are assessed and compared on their capacity to stimulate interest in children through time, foster interaction and active collaboration between peers, educate to conflict resolution, Educate to inclusivity and diversity, promote behavioural change towards sustainability, collect Data on desires in relation to the public space. Results suggest that participatory design games focused are successful as educational tools, regardless of the real implementation of the design solutions. Classification-JEL: I20, I21, I28 Keywords: urban communities; children; citizenship education; public space; design; education; games; participation. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 128-137 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Participatory-design-games-for-citizenship-education.-A-public-space-approach-with-children-.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:128-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cristina Ilie Author-Workplace-Name: University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Title: " Pro-social modelling in probation " Abstract: This article analyzes pro-social modelling from a theoretical point of view, emphasizing its importance in the field of probation, but also has a practical component, presenting the result of a sociological survey based on a questionnaire. In the field of probation, one of the methods of working with criminally convicted persons is pro-social modelling, this being an intervention technique that helps the social rehabilitation of persons who have committed crimes. By means of this technique, the goal is to redefine the dysfunctional behaviours of criminally convicted persons, in a positive way. Classification-JEL: I20, I21, I26 Keywords: pro-social modelling; probation; sociological survey. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 138-143 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Pro-social-modelling-in-probation-.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:138-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mariateresa Gammone Author-Workplace-Name: University of L'Aquila, Aquila, Italy Title: "At home there are unknown possibilities. A comparative research on oikophobia" Abstract: This essay presents an overview of the main results of the burglaries research, a little-discussed and studied topic. Collection, organization, and analysis of empirical data have been carried out by two working groups at the university of L’Aquila and at the IULM University of Milan. Research has gone on for twenty years and has accumulated an impressive amount of data, from a comparative perspective and with extensive references to the classics of sociology, criminology, philosophy, political science, and literature. Starting from the Italian situation, comparisons are presented regarding the situation existing in other European countries, because the differences between various areas are very significant. This essay explores also the themes of the relationship between the house and democracy, treated in a sociological tradition that includes authors such as Max Weber and Anthony Giddens. The idea of an unmotivated aversion to one’s home environment has had some success in Roger Scruton’s use of it. Classification-JEL: I28, K30, K11, K14 Keywords: sociology, democracy, house, burglaries. Journal: Sociology and Social Work Review Pages: 144-151 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Year: 2022 Month: December File-URL: https://globalresearchpublishing.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/At-home-there-are-unknown-possibilities.-A-comparative-research-on-oikophobia.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEC:edr:sswrgl:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:144-151